Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41047637›Full record

Trial reportPhysiological reports2025

Effects of acute ketone monoester ingestion on heart rate, blood pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity at rest and stress in healthy adults.

Erin Seto, Massimo Nardone, Johan S Thiessen, André L Teixeira, Julian C Bommarito, Gaetano C Pocchi, Devin G McCarthy, Philip J Millar

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Physiological reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Erin SetoHuman Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Massimo NardoneHuman Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1990-6481
Johan S ThiessenHuman Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
André L TeixeiraHuman Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4268-7560
Julian C BommaritoHuman Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0009-0001-2259-5231
Gaetano C PocchiHuman Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Devin G McCarthyHuman Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Philip J MillarHuman Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2177-1061

Funding

Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (IRSC)Gouvernement du Canada | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)MDECEC | Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation (MRI)Ontario Ministry of Economic Development, Job Creation and Trade (MDECEC)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Exogenous ketone supplementation can impact cardiovascular regulation, but the effects on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) remain unknown. In a randomized, crossover, double-blind design, 19 participants (23 ± 4 years.; female: n = 9) ingested an oral ketone monoester (KME; 0.4 g/kg) or isocaloric, isovolumetric placebo. Blood pressure, heart rate, brachial artery blood flow, and MSNA (microneurography; n = 14) were assessed at rest before and after ingestion and during two laboratory stressors: 2-min static handgrip exercise and 2-min of mental arithmetic. Capillary β-hydroxybutyrate increased 20 and 40 min post KME ingestion versus placebo (both, p < 0.001). Compared to placebo, KME had no effects on resting mean arterial pressure (Placebo: 78.3 ± 9.3 to 80.2 ± 10.5 mmHg; KME: 76.3 ± 8.3 to 79.5 ± 8.8 mmHg; interaction p = 0.32), heart rate (Placebo: 64.6 ± 12.3 to 69.6 ± 11.0 bpm; KME: 65.3 ± 10.6 to 72.6 ± 11.3 bpm; interaction p = 0.30), or MSNA burst frequency (Placebo: 17.7 ± 7.3 to 17.7 ± 6.7 bursts/minute; KME: 17.5 ± 6.1 to 18.2 ± 7.0 bursts/minute; interaction p = 0.72). Resting brachial artery blood flow and vascular conductance changed over time but did not differ between conditions (interactions, both p > 0.40). Neuro-cardiovascular responses during exercise (interactions, all p > 0.72) or mental stress (interactions, all p > 0.44) did not differ between conditions. Compared to placebo, acute KME ingestion did not modulate neuro-cardiovascular measures at rest or during stress in healthy young adults.

Indexed as

Blood PressureHeart RateMuscle, SkeletalStress, PsychologicalSympathetic Nervous SystemAdultBrachial ArteryCross-Over StudiesDouble-Blind MethodExerciseFemaleHumansMaleRestYoung Adultblood pressureketone monoestermuscle sympathetic nerve activity

Identifiers

PMID41047637
PMCPMC12497893

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.