ArticleAnnals of dermatology2025
Para-Phenylenediamine Sensitization and Polysensitization: TNF-α, CXCL11, and Immune-Regulatory Gene Polymorphisms.
Article in Annals of dermatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPara-phenylenediamine (PPD) is a major hair dye allergen and often heralds broader contact allergy risk, yet the links among PPD sensitization, polysensitization (PS) and host genetics remain understudied.
objectiveTo quantify the association between PPD sensitization and PS in Korean patch test patients and to explore whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected immunoregulatory genes modulate this relationship.
methodsWe retrospectively analysed 647 Korean patients patch tested with the Korean Standard Series. PS was defined as reactivity to ≥3 unrelated allergens; simultaneous positives to nickel, cobalt or chromate were counted as one event. Independent predictors of PPD sensitization were determined by multivariable logistic regression, and allergen networks were visualised with heatmaps. Seventeen patients were genotyped for SNPs in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, CXCL11, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-16 and STAT6.
resultsPPD sensitization was confirmed in 38 patients (5.9%) and remained independently associated with PS (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-6.67). Additional chemical predictors were mercury ammonium chloride (OR, 3.68;
conclusionPPD sensitization identifies patients at increased risk for PS and reactivity to mercury compounds and fragrance-related substances. Preliminary genetic observations require validation in larger studies to determine potential immunogenetic contributions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.