ArticleBMC public health2025
Association between frailty transitions and chronic lung disease incidence: findings from four national cohort studies.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Frailty, depressive symptoms, and incident respiratory disease: a CHARLS cohort study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe association between changes in frailty status and the prevalence of chronic lung diseases (CLD) is critical. This study aims to explore the relationship between variations in frailty status and incidence of CLD.
methodsThis study utilized data from four national prospective cohorts: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Changes in frailty status were assessed using the Rockwood Frailty Index. CLD was defined as self-reported physician-diagnosed chronic lung diseases, including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, cor pulmonale. Cox proportional hazards model was employed to examine the relationship between changes in frailty status and the incidence of CLD.
resultsThe analysis included 38,122 participants from four cohorts. Participants who progressed to prefrail or frail status had a significantly higher risk of developing CLD compared to those who remained robust (CHARLS, HR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.47–2.32; HRS, HR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.34–2.51; ELSA, HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.08–2.31; SHARE, HR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.40–2.07). Conversely, individuals who transitioned to robust status demonstrated a lower risk of incident CLD compared to those who remained in prefrail or frail status (CHARLS, HR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.48–0.73; HRS, HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.49–1.01; ELSA, HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36–0.89; SHARE, HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55–0.92).
conclusionsDifferent changes in frailty status are associated with varying risks of developing CLD. Progression of frailty status is associated with the increasing risk of CLD, whereas recovery from frailty is associated with the decreased risk of CLD. The findings suggest that changes in frailty status can serve as important indicators for predicting the risk of developing CLD, where frailty progression elevates risk while recovery from frailty mitigates it.
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