Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41043830›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2025

Associations between gestational diabetes mellitus and survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants: a multicentre cohort study.

Xiaoping Lei, Juan Du, Siyuan Jiang, Jianguo Zhou, Liyuan Hu, Tiantian Xiao, Yanping Zhu, Wei Shi, Aimin Qian, Ruimiao Bai and 10 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Xiaoping LeiDivision of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3818-7117
Juan DuNeonatal Centre, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing, China.
Siyuan JiangDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jianguo ZhouDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Liyuan HuDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-4025
Tiantian XiaoDepartment of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3939-193X
Yanping ZhuDepartment of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
Wei ShiNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Aimin QianDepartment of Neonatology, Nanjing Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Ruimiao BaiDepartment of Neonatology, Northwest Women's Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
Dan DangDivision of Neonatology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Yujie HanDivision of Neonatology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Shujuan LiDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xinyue GuDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Li-Zhong DuNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Mingyan HeiNeonatal Centre, National Centre for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5810-605X
Shoo K LeeDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Wenhao ZhouDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Wenbin DongDivision of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China dongwenbin2000@163.com.
Chinese Neonatal Network

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was associated with survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm infants (VPIs).

designRetrospective multicentre cohort study.

settingA total of 79 neonatal intensive care units across China, January 2019 to December 2021.

participantsA total of 23 752 VPIs (<32 weeks' gestation) or very low birth weight infants (<1500 g), comprising 4452 GDM-exposed and 19 300 unexposed infants.

main outcome measuresThe primary outcomes are survival without BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA) and its components.

resultsInfants exposed to GDM were associated with a higher rate of survival without BPD (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.21) at 36 weeks PMA and lower mortality (aOR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.84) before 36 weeks PMA than unexposed infants. However, no significant association was observed between GDM and BPD at 36 weeks PMA (aOR 0.94, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.02), respiratory distress syndrome, need for advanced resuscitation or mechanical ventilation. After propensity score matching, GDM-exposed VPIs maintained higher survival without BPD (aOR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.26) and lower mortality (aOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.97). These associations were strongest in infants born before 28 weeks (aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.57) and those small for gestational age (aOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.80).

conclusionsGDM was not associated with worsened BPD in VPIs. The positive association with survival and survival without BPD warrants could reflect a selection bias.

Indexed as

Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaDiabetes, GestationalInfant, Extremely PrematureChinaFemaleGestational AgeHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureInfant, Very Low Birth WeightIntensive Care Units, NeonatalMalePregnancyRetrospective StudiesClinical RelevanceDiabetes in pregnancyMortality

Identifiers

PMID41043830
PMCPMC12496082

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.