Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41043519›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuroscience methods2025

Customizable artificial simulator for developing, planning, and training personnel on neurophysiology and surgical procedures in non-human primates.

Lydia I Smith, Amy L Orsborn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuroscience methods, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Lydia I SmithUniversity of Washington, Seattle, Electrical & Computer Engineering, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.
Amy L OrsbornUniversity of Washington, Seattle, Electrical & Computer Engineering, Seattle, WA 98115, USA; University of Washington, Seattle, Bioengineering, Seattle, WA 98115, USA; Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA 98115, USA. Electronic address: aorsborn@uw.edu.

Funding

Washington National Primate Research CenterP51OD010425 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Mari Ostendorf · 2012 to 2026
$201.8M
NIH HHS P51 OD010425
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNeuroscience researchers often surgically implant hardware into model organisms to measure and manipulate neural activity. Designing and optimizing these procedures in non-human primates often requires sedated or euthanized animals. Artificial tissue technologies can reduce animal use in this process, but existing simulators do not include all relevant tissues and do not facilitate iterative design processes. NEW

methodWe created a comprehensive, customizable, and modular surgical simulator for neuroscience research. Our simulator incorporates artificial skull, brain, and soft tissues (skin and muscle) into one 3-dimensional model with adaptable components.

resultsIncorporating 3-dimensional soft tissues enabled surgical and implant design improvements, which may contribute to improving implant longevity, research outcomes, and animal wellbeing. Our modular design allowed researchers to rapidly prototype designs and exchange parts to reflect implant or anatomical changes across a study. Incorporating all relevant tissues also enabled surgical practice and improved communication with veterinarians. Our approach is low-cost (a few hundred dollars) and uses readily available tools like 3D printing. We also provide models of different non-human primate species to increase access to our approach. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING

methodsOur method improves upon past surgical simulators for neuroscience research by: adapting existing skin and muscle artificial tissue technologies to more accurately represent cranial 3-dimensional geometry, incorporating models of all tissues relevant for implant design, and introducing modular designs that increase flexibility/customization.

conclusionsWe found that this surgery simulator was an inexpensive tool that was useful for planning and practicing surgical procedures, as well as prototyping new neuroscience experiment hardware.

Indexed as

NeurophysiologyNeurosciencesNeurosurgical ProceduresSimulation TrainingAnimalsBrainComputer SimulationPrimatesPrinting, Three-DimensionalSkull3D printingArtificial tissuesCranial implantsNon-human primatesSurgery simulator

Identifiers

PMID41043519
PMCPMC12916234

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.