ArticlePloS one2025
Optimal gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, by BMI and height, in a marginalised population of women with short stature living along the Thailand-Myanmar border: A retrospective cohort, 2004-2023.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Cohort Profile: the SMRU Refugee and Migrant Pregnancy Study in Western Thailand and Eastern Myanmar.Wellcome open research · 2026Article
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13 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExisting gestational weight gain (GWG) standards may not be applicable to women of short stature and those who have limited access to healthcare and are vulnerable to compromised nutrition during pregnancy. To inform the development of population-specific recommendations, this study investigated optimal GWG, by height and Body Mass Index (BMI), in a minority migrant and refugee population living along the Thailand-Myanmar border.
methodsRecords of all women attending antenatal care in the first trimester at the Shoklo-Malaria Research Unit between 2004 and 2023 were retrospectively examined. GWG of 17,194 women was assessed against maternal, delivery and neonatal outcomes, by height and per Asia-Pacific BMI category. The Gestation Related Optimal Weight centiles were used to classify small, appropriate and large for gestational age neonates. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, including natural cubic splines, was used to assess the relationships between GWG and outcomes of interest. Optimal GWG per BMI group was defined as the GWG associated with the lowest composite risk for adverse outcomes. The optimal range included GWG values that did not exceed a 5% increase from the corresponding minimum composite risk.
resultsOptimal GWG in women shorter than 153 cm was lower per BMI group than the National Academy of Medicine and Intergrowth-21 recommendations: underweight 12.1 kg (10.0-14.5), normal 10.4 kg (8.0-12.9), overweight/obese 5.3 kg (3.1-8.5); but comparable for women 153 cm or more: underweight 13.1 kg (11.0-15.1), normal 12.3 kg (9.7-15.3), overweight/obese 9.5 kg (6.4-13.4).
conclusionOptimal GWG ranges are lower for this population with short stature compared to existing international guidelines. Clinical and contextual factors must be considered when implementing GWG recommendations for this, and other marginalized and short-stature populations.
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