ArticleLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver2025
Plasma Ammonia Levels Over the Course of a Hospitalisation for Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy.
Article in Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Navigating TIPS in the era of ageing and metabolic comorbidity: a contemporary narrative review of risk, resilience, and outcomes.Gastroenterology report · 2026Review
- Plasma Ammonia Levels Over the Course of a Hospitalisation for Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsThe role of ammonia in the assessment of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy (OHE) remains debated. The aim of the present study was to assess the time course of ammonia levels in relation to the severity and duration of an episode of OHE requiring hospitalisation.
methods104 patients discharged between January 2021 and July 2024 with a diagnosis of OHE were included [80 males, 72 ± 11 years]. Clinical and laboratory indices, including ammonia levels prior to/during/after the hospitalisation, were recorded, along with the duration of the hospitalisation, precipitants, ammonia-lowering and psychoactive treatment, where applicable.
resultsOver the studied time frame, 58 (56%) patients had single OHE hospitalisations, while 20 (19%) had 2-7 OHE hospitalisations. Of the 104 hospitalisations, 30/63/7% were for OHE grades II/III/IV, respectively. Of the 58 single hospitalisations, 40/57/3% were for OHE grades II/III/IV, respectively. Ammonia levels increased significantly with increasing OHE grade; those prior to admission/after discharge were significantly lower than those on admission. Hospitalisations for grade IV OHE were longer. Ammonia levels on admission were lower in patients who were not fully recovered from OHE on discharge and those on chronic treatment with psychoactive drugs. All the above held true when analyses were restricted to the 58 single hospitalisations.
conclusionsAmmonia levels correlated with OHE presence and severity, and with the duration of hospitalization. Incomplete recovery and chronic treatment with psychoactive drugs were associated with lower ammonia levels.
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