Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41042270›Full record

ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026

Microencapsulated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZGP-Lpl.19 modulates growth and virulence gene expression of Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022 in vitro.

Zahra Ghorbani, Mohammad Shayestehpour, Mohammad Esmaeil Shahaboddin, Azad Khaledi, Merat Karimi, Reyhaneh Maleki, Mitra Motallebi

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Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zahra GhorbaniDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Mohammad ShayestehpourDepartment of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Mohammad Esmaeil ShahaboddinResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Azad KhalediDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Merat KarimiInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
Reyhaneh MalekiDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Mitra MotallebiInfectious Disease Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. motallebi-m@kaums.ac.ir.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3065-4393

Funding

Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran 402149
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Encapsulation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) ZGP-Lpl.19 in alginate-pectin-chitosan microcapsules significantly improved its survival under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and attenuated Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri) growth and pathogenicity through downregulation of the mdoH and IcsA virulence genes. Microencapsulation was achieved via extrusion using a polysaccharide blend, yielding an encapsulation efficiency of 98.44%. Structural integrity of the microcapsules was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Encapsulation markedly enhanced probiotic survivability, with viable counts of 5.37 log CFU/mL after 60 min in gastric fluid and 120 min in intestinal fluid, compared with 2.25 log CFU/mL for free cells. Both encapsulated and free L. plantarum ZGP-Lpl.19 demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against S. flexneri ATCC 12022, with comparable antimicrobial metabolite production. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cell-free supernatants from both forms was 1/8 of the original concentration. Importantly, real-time PCR analysis confirmed that both encapsulated and free cells significantly downregulated mdoH and IcsA expression. Overall, these findings demonstrate that alginate-pectin-chitosan microencapsulation provides effective protection for L. plantarum and enhances its functional delivery, positioning encapsulated L. plantarum as a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate S. flexneri infections.

Indexed as

Lactiplantibacillus plantarumProbioticsShigella flexneriAlginatesBacterial ProteinsCapsulesChitosanDrug CompoundingGene Expression Regulation, BacterialHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsVirulenceAlginatesBacterial ProteinsCapsulesChitosanAlginate/chitosanLactiplantibacillus plantarumMicroencapsulationProbioticsShigella flexneriVirulence genes

Identifiers

PMID41042270

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.