Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41041926›Full record

ArticleAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)2025

Synergistic Two-Color Photochemical Polymer Network Formation and Lithography.

Jan Hobich, Xingyu Wu, Florian Feist, Willie Scheibel, Natalia Herdt, Paul Somers, Eva Blasco, Hatice Mutlu, Christopher Barner-Kowollik

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Synergistic Two-Color Photochemical Polymer Network Formation and Lithography.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jan Hobich *Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Xingyu Wu *Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Florian FeistInstitute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Willie ScheibelInstitute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Natalia HerdtInstitute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Paul SomersInstitute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Eva BlascoInstitute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Hatice MutluDepartment of Chemistry, Technical Polymer Chemistry, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Gebäude 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Christopher Barner-KowollikInstitute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6745-0570

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft EXC-2082/1-390761711
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We introduce synergistic two-color lithography as an advanced wavelength-gated strategy for spatially and temporally controlling polymer network formation. Our photoresist entails two photoswitches, i.e., diarylindenone epoxide (DIO) and strained azobenzene (SA), each activated at a judiciously selected wavelength, i.e., 375 or 430 nm. Under specific conditions of photon flux, simultaneous irradiation at both wavelengths induces a (3 + 2) cycloaddition between the photoactivated DIO' and SA' species, generating covalently crosslinked networks, whereas under these specifically determined conditions, single-wavelength exposure does not induce solidification. Kinetic analysis highlights the potential of synergistic activation to enable advanced additive manufacturing. We implemented the two-color activated covalent bond forming system in a dual-laser lithographic platform enabling the fabrication of well-defined structures, including segmented ring and butterfly architectures by simply activating and deactivating one of the colors of light.

Indexed as

PhotoswitchesPolymer network formationSynergistic two‐color photochemistryTwo‐color laser lithography

Identifiers

PMID41041926
PMCPMC12643345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.