ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2025
Extracellular Vesicles in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: From Biology to Therapeutic Engineering.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- BM-derived mesenchymal stem cell microvesicles protect enteric neural precursor cells and alleviate diabetes-associated enteric neuropathy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in pain management: A narrative review of emerging evidence and future directions.World journal of stem cells · 2026Review
- From pathophysiology to therapy: molecular mechanisms of stem cell and extracellular vesicle-mediated repair in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Community nurses' experiences with digital sensory interventions in remote primary care: a qualitative descriptive study of trust, privacy, and family dynamics.BMC nursing · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) pose a significant clinical challenge, often resulting in irreversible functional deficits due to limited spontaneous regeneration. While current therapeutic approaches offer partial solutions, their efficacy remains suboptimal. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as bioactive carriers capable of orchestrating complex regenerative processes without the risks associated with live-cell transplantation. Derived from sources, EVs deliver a repertoire of functional cargos that modulate immune responses, promote axonal regrowth, enhance remyelination, and stimulate angiogenesis. Furthermore, bioengineering strategies enable EVs to be loaded with therapeutic molecules, surface-modified for targeted delivery, and incorporated into stimuli-responsive scaffolds for controlled release. When integrated with biomaterials, EVs demonstrate synergistic effects that enhance spatial guidance, immune modulation, and neurovascular remodeling in preclinical models. However, significant challenges remain, including large-scale EV production, standardization of isolation methods, and meeting regulatory requirements for clinical translation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the biological roles of native and engineered EVs in peripheral nerve regeneration, highlights advances in EV-functionalized scaffolds, and discusses translational challenges and future directions for clinical implementation.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.