Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41041375›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

The impact of water safety skills on primary school students high-risk swimming behaviors: a moderated mediation model.

Zhen Tan, Jiaxin Shi, Chao Xie, Hui Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zhen TanSchool of Physical Education, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China.
Jiaxin ShiSchool of Physical Education, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China.
Chao XieSchool of Physical Education, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China.
Hui ZhangSchool of Physical Education, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: To investigate the relationship between water safety skills and high-risk swimming behaviors and the underlying mechanisms of self-efficacy and water safety knowledge. Methods: Water safety skills, self-efficacy, water safety knowledge, and high-risk swimming behaviors were investigated in 1573 primary school student using a questionnaire. Results: (1) After controlling for gender, age, and grade, there was a significant positive effect of water safety skills on high-risk swimming behaviors [ Conclusion: Self-efficacy mediates between water safety skills and high-risk swimming behavior; water safety knowledge moderates between water safety skills and high-risk swimming behavior.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeRisk-TakingSafetySelf EfficacyStudentsSwimmingChildFemaleHumansMaleSchoolsSurveys and Questionnaireshigh-risk swimming behaviorprimary school studentself-efficacywater safety knowledgewater safety skills

Identifiers

PMID41041375
PMCPMC12484138

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.