Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41040013›Full record

ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2025

What training and support do people need to make optimal use of automated insulin delivery systems: Interview study.

Julia Lawton, Catriona J Kyle, Thomas J G Chambers, Lesley Steven, Ashton Currie, Fraser Gibb, John A McKnight, David Rankin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Julia LawtonUsher Institute, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-7374
Catriona J KyleUsher Institute, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Thomas J G ChambersUsher Institute, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Lesley StevenUsher Institute, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Ashton CurrieUsher Institute, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Fraser GibbNHS Lothian, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
John A McKnightUsher Institute, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
David RankinUsher Institute, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5835-3402

Funding

Dexcom
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDespite increased use of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, limited attention has been paid to users' training and support needs. Indeed, most guidance has been driven by clinician opinion rather than users' experiences and needs. We explored the experiences of adults with type 1 diabetes initiated onto AID to make recommendations for supporting optimal use of AID systems in routine clinical practice.

methodsWe conducted interviews with n = 22 individuals who used the Tandem t:slim X2™ with Control-IQ technology AID system for ≥6 and ≤12 months. Data were analysed thematically.

resultsUsers reported wide-ranging clinical and quality-of-life benefits. However, to actualise these benefits, they highlighted a need for bespoke training which took account of their learning preferences and strengths, pace of learning and prior insulin pump experience, together with ongoing support from healthcare professionals. Thematic analysis uncovered four overlapping support needs: (1) support reviewing data and making adjustments to the system's settings, (2) emotional/psychological support to help sustain motivation and/or adopt more passive self-management roles, (3) support to unlearn unhelpful behaviours and/or establish new habits and routines; and (4) educational support.

conclusionsAID systems are an exciting advance in diabetes treatment. However, to achieve optimal gains, users would benefit from initial training and ongoing glycaemic, educational, and psychosocial support tailored to their preferred ways of learning and personal circumstances. Consideration should be given to adapting existing education and training packages for AID system users to incorporate behavioural science techniques and upskilling diabetes professionals in behaviour change approaches and motivational interviewing.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Hypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsPatient Education as TopicSelf-ManagementAdultFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinautomated insulin delivery (AID) systemhybrid closed‐loopquality‐of‐lifetraining and supporttype 1 diabetesusers' perspectives

Identifiers

PMID41040013
PMCPMC12628715

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.