ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2026
Quantitative Assessment of Upper Limb Ataxia Using a Virtual Reality-Based Evaluation System.
Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCerebellar ataxia impairs coordination and balance, reducing quality of life. Conventional clinical scales, including the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), are widely used to assess ataxia but are limited by subjectivity and inter-rater variability. Therefore, we aimed to develop a virtual reality-based system to objectively and quantitatively assess upper limb ataxia.
methodsA "virtual nose-finger test" was implemented using a head-mounted display, in which participants performed repetitive reaching tasks. Six parameters were measured: four spatial (subtracted length, trajectory ratio, terminal trajectory length, and maximum overshoot distance) and two temporal (required time and movement speed). These parameters were compared across groups, correlated with clinical scales, and analyzed for diagnostic accuracy using receiver operating characteristic curves. Motor adaptation was assessed using parameter changes across trials.
resultsNinety-five participants were recruited: 39 with cerebellar ataxia, 30 controls, and 26 with Parkinsonian disorders. Participants with ataxia exhibited significantly greater spatial deviations and temporal variability than other groups did. Trajectory ratio, required time, and movement speed variability coefficient significantly correlated with clinical ataxia scores. The system demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy from the receiver operating characteristic analyses, and participants with ataxia showed different motor adaptations by compensating for spatial errors through reduced movement speed.
interpretationThis virtual reality-based system enables objective, quantitative, portable, and ambulatory-independent evaluation of upper limb ataxia, enhancing its feasibility in clinical and research settings and its potential as a biomarker for cerebellar ataxia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.