ArticleBMC medical education2025
Enhancing student performance with multicolored 3D printed neuroanatomical models in veterinary education.
Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating the Efficacy of a Novel Multimaterial 3D-Printed Phantom for Otologic Surgical Education and Simulation.Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence in Veterinary Neurology: Comparative Insights From Human Medicine and Cross-Species Technology Transfer.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Review
- Comparative Morphometric and Structural Analysis of the Ovine Brain: Integrating Traditional Anatomical Methods with Artificial Intelligence-Driven 3D Modeling and Identification.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Spinal Cord Anatomy for Visually Impaired Students: The Development of 3D-Printed Educational Models.Journal of undergraduate neuroscience education : JUNE : a publication of FUN, Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe neuroanatomy course consistently presents significant challenges, primarily due to the short lifespan of formalin-preserved brain specimens and their restricted availability. Numerous studies have evaluated the strengths and limitations of alternative resources for neuroanatomy education, with a particular focus on technology-based learning methods. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of integrating 3D printed models into the neuroanatomy curriculum and to evaluate student satisfaction with their use.
methodsThe experimental group consisted of the first-year students enrolled in the integrated study program at the University of Sarajevo-Veterinary Faculty during the summer semester of the academic year 2022/2023. The course was organized using 3DP models for 15 h, while during the remaining three hours formalin-preserved specimens were utilized. Data obtained from this cohort were compared with the results of the previous two cohorts (2021-2022 and 2020-2021), who studied veterinary anatomy exclusively using formalin-preserved specimens.
resultsThe neuroanatomy test scores improved in the experimental group compared to the two control groups. The students exhibit positive attitudes and report high satisfaction with using 3DP models. They support innovative teaching methods and find that the colored segments of the models enhance recognizability of different anatomical structures, highlighting the didactical value of 3DP models.
conclusionOverall, study demonstrated that 3DP models were highly beneficial for neuroanatomy learning, pedagogically useful and well-received by students.
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Registered trials
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