ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2025
NDM-1 plasmid clustering reflects clonal transmission of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 in four hospitals in Berlin, Germany.
Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic Characterisation of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Animal-DerivedAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of NDM-ProducingMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Confronting the known unknown: historical lessons and future strategies for Disease X.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIn recent years, the detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KLPN) producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), particularly NDM-1, has increased in Germany. Plasmids play a crucial role in the dissemination of NDM-1, facilitating its persistence in both clinical and environmental reservoirs. Between 2021 and 2024, a substantial number of NDM-1-producing KLPN isolates were detected across multiple hospital sites in Berlin. This study aimed to investigate a potential multi-site outbreak involving NDM-1-producing KLPN, and to assess the role of clonal versus plasmid-mediated dissemination.
methodsWe performed short-read sequencing for all isolates, complemented by long-read sequencing for a subset (Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Core genome multi locus sequence typing (cgMLST) was conducted using SeqSphere+. NDM-1 plasmids were characterized with the MOB-suite tools. Reference plasmids were reconstructed from hybrid assemblies using TaDReP. Short-read sequences from all isolates were aligned against these reference plasmids to assess genetic relatedness.
resultsAnalysis of 57 NDM-1 plasmid carrying KLPN isolates at the clonal level revealed three distinct outbreak clusters (O1-O3). These corresponded to three unique NDM-1 reference plasmids: p1 (54.0 kb IncFIB(pQil)), p2 (54.3 kb IncR), and p3 (355.5 kb; no Inc type specified). Plasmid clustering from short-reads was consistent with the clonal clusters.
conclusionsBoth plasmid-level analysis and cgMLST yielded congruent results, effectively ruling out the possibility of multi-site, plasmid-mediated NDM-1 transmission. The detection of a globally disseminated NDM-1 plasmid within one of the clonal clusters highlights its potential role in the spread of resistance during the recent surge of NDM-1 carrying KLPN isolates in Germany.
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