Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41039474›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2025

Disparities in training and education among young breast surgeons: a nationwide survey in China.

Ying Xu, Junying Huang, Daheng Xian, Longzhu Nie, Feng Mao, Songjie Shen, Yidong Zhou, Xiaohui Zhang, Qiang Sun, Hang Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ying XuDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Junying HuangDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Daheng XianDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Longzhu NieDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Feng MaoDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Songjie ShenDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Yidong ZhouDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Xiaohui ZhangDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. zhangxiaohui@pumch.cn.
Qiang SunDepartment of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. sunqiangpumc@yeah.net.
Hang LiDepartment of Education & Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. Lihang9@hotmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn China, breast surgery training lacks standardization due to regional disparities and its short establishment time. This variability in curricula and competencies threatens surgical consistency, treatment outcomes, and implementation of advanced multidisciplinary strategies. We performed a national survey to evaluate the backgrounds, experience, and education requirements of young breast surgeons in China.

methodsAn online questionnaire survey targeting young breast surgeons (< 40 years old) was conducted from April 18 to May 2, 2024. Data on baseline information, academic background, department status, previous training, surgery experience, research involvements, and continuing education requirements were collected.

resultsA total of 240 valid responses from 69 hospitals were gathered. Compared with surgeons in western China, those in eastern China had more training opportunities (covering breast surgery, breast cancer surgery, participation in operations, breast surgery training, mentorship, and publications), whereas those in the west had less access to specialized education. These training opportunities varied among surgeons of different sexes and educational backgrounds. The top three preferences for continuing education were research projects, endoscopic training, and English Writing Guidance (with 146, 117, and 106 person-times choosing, respectively).

conclusionsOur results preliminarily revealed significant disparities in educational backgrounds and continuing education interests among surgeons of different sexes and academic degrees across regions. Targeted standardized training models and special education programs for breast diseases, applicable on a national level are warranted with attention to regional disparities.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsEducation, Medical, ContinuingSurgeonsAdultChinaClinical CompetenceCurriculumFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesBreast surgeonChinaEducationTraining

Identifiers

PMID41039474
PMCPMC12492753

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.