Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41039060›Full record

ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026

Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacometabolomics of Andrographis paniculata capsules: Bridging drug disposition and metabolic response to precision medicine.

Khim Boon Tee, Didi Erwandi Mohamad Haron, Ili Nadhirah Jamil, Wei Lim Chong, Zaril Harza Zakaria, Lee-Ling Lim, Najihah Mohd Hashim, Hasniza Zaman Huri

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Khim Boon TeeNational Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 46200, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.
Didi Erwandi Mohamad HaronResearch Services Division, Institute of Research Management & Service, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ili Nadhirah JamilDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Wei Lim ChongDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Zaril Harza ZakariaNational Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 46200, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.
Lee-Ling LimDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Najihah Mohd HashimDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Hasniza Zaman HuriDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. hasnizazh@um.edu.my.

Funding

Universiti Malaya Private Grant PV053-2022Universiti Malaya Research University Grant PPSI-2020-CLUSTER-IDIG08
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees (AP) is a phytomedicinal plant traditionally used for colds, infections, and diabetes in Southeast Asia. The bioactive diterpenoids such as andrographolide, 14-deoxyandrographolide, and neoandrographolide has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and glucose-lowering effects. Although widely used, clinical studies integrating AP's drug composition with its pharmacometabolomics responses remain limited. This study integrated pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacometabolomics (PMx) to understand dose-response relationships and pharmacological effects of orally administered AP capsules (1000 mg and 2000 mg) to 12 healthy volunteers under fasting conditions. Three biomarkers were measured from five AP brands to determine the highest-concentration AP capsule for dosing. PK analysis used 75 plasma samples while PMx analysis involved 96 plasma and urine samples. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used for both analyses. Statistical analysis included multivariate analyses (PCA, PLS-DA), followed by peaks-to-pathway analysis via MetaboAnalyst 5.0. Time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) for andrographolide, 14-deoxyandrographolide, and neoandrographolide was 1.5 h, with maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 10.15 ng mL

Indexed as

AndrographisDiterpenesAdministration, OralAdultBiomarkersCapsulesDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHumansMaleMetabolomicsPrecision MedicineTandem Mass SpectrometryYoung AdultandrographolideBiomarkersCapsulesDiterpenesAndrographis paniculataPharmacodynamicsPharmacokineticsPharmacometabolomicsPrecision medicine

Identifiers

PMID41039060
PMCPMC12935787

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.