Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41036557›Full record

ReviewClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2025

FDA-AACR Strategies for Optimizing Dosages for Oncology Drug Products: Selecting Optimized Dosages for Registrational Trials.

Stacy S Shord, Cong Chen, Jin Y Jin, Scott Van Wart, Sarah K Martin, Brad A Davidson, Jiang Liu, Patricia M LoRusso, Geoffrey R Oxnard

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A modular framework for antibody-drug conjugate biomarkers.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. FDA-AACR Strategies for Optimizing Dosages for Oncology Drug Products: Early-Phase Trials Using Innovative Trial Designs and Biomarkers.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Stacy S ShordU.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland.ORCID 0009-0000-9497-1171
Cong ChenMerck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey.ORCID 0000-0002-0270-383X
Jin Y JinGenentech, South San Francisco, California.ORCID 0000-0002-3627-0323
Scott Van WartEnhanced Pharmacodynamics, Buffalo, New York.ORCID 0009-0001-8986-2250
Sarah K MartinEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana.ORCID 0009-0005-5897-5307
Brad A DavidsonAmerican Association for Cancer Research, Washington, District of Columbia.ORCID 0000-0002-5850-117X
Jiang LiuU.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland.ORCID 0000-0002-5755-3904
Patricia M LoRussoYale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut.ORCID 0000-0001-7144-036X
Geoffrey R OxnardEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana.ORCID 0000-0003-1054-8240

Funding

Intramural FDA HHS FD999999U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The MTD has historically been the recommended phase II dose, and this dosage has typically been evaluated in registrational clinical trials for oncology drugs. With the emergence of targeted therapies, this approach may lead to the investigation of unnecessarily high dosages that elicit additional toxicity without added benefit. The utilization of innovative trial designs and model-informed approaches during clinical development can potentially lead to more informed dosage selection. Exposure-response analyses, clinical utility index, and other model-informed approaches have been successfully applied to understand preliminary activity and safety data for various classes of modern oncology drugs, providing insights to support the proposed dosage(s) for the registrational trial. Seamless trial designs have also played an important role in dosage selection by leveraging preplanned flexibilities and statistical procedures to increase efficiency during the conduct of trials. Critically, both approaches can be fit for purpose, allowing for adaptation and the usage of the totality of relevant clinical and nonclinical data. Despite this, the evaluation of MTD remains prevalent in registrational trials. This article, the third in a series of three describing best-practice approaches to dosage optimization in oncology drug development, highlights successful applications of and relevant considerations for innovative trial designs and model-based approaches to aid the selection of better optimized dosages for evaluation in registrational clinical trials.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsNeoplasmsClinical Trials as TopicDose-Response Relationship, DrugHumansMaximum Tolerated DoseResearch DesignUnited StatesUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationAntineoplastic Agents

Identifiers

PMID41036557
PMCPMC12536354

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.