Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41036373›Full record

ArticleOpen veterinary journal2025

Quantification and trends of antimicrobial use in commercial adult dairy and calves during summer and winter in Pakistan.

Muhammad Umair, Muhammad Usman Zaheer, Muhammad Farooq Tahir, Rana Muhammad Abdullah, Jabir Ali, Muhammad Abubakar, Riasat Wasee Ullah, Muhammad Akram, Javaria Alam, Usman Talib and 3 more

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Article in Open veterinary journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Muhammad UmairInstitute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad Usman ZaheerFleming Fund Country Grant Pakistan, Health Security Partners, Washington, DC, USA.
Muhammad Farooq TahirFleming Fund Country Grant Pakistan, Health Security Partners, Washington, DC, USA.
Rana Muhammad AbdullahInstitute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Jabir AliInstitute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad AbubakarNational Veterinary Laboratory, MNFSR, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Riasat Wasee UllahLivestock Wing, Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad AkramLivestock Wing, Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Javaria AlamFleming Fund Country Grant Pakistan, Health Security Partners, Washington, DC, USA.
Usman TalibFleming Fund Country Grant Pakistan, DAI Pakistan Private Limited, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Sami Ullah Khan BahadurFleming Fund Country Grant Pakistan, Health Security Partners, Washington, DC, USA.
Qadeer AhsanFleming Fund Country Grant Pakistan, DAI Pakistan Private Limited, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Mashkoor MohsinInstitute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Surveillance of antimicrobial use (AMU) in food animals is a key strategy to tackle the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Aim: A cross-sectional period prevalence survey was conducted to collect AMU data from 12 dairy farms in two provinces (Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) in Pakistan. Methods: AMU data were analyzed using three metrics, that is, antimicrobial chemical compound (in kg), (mg/PCU), and [defined daily dose animal (DDDA)/1,000 animal-days]. Results: The total usage in adult dairy cattle in terms of mg/PCU and treatment incidences across both seasons and all provinces were 6.36 mg/PCU and 26.34 DDDA/1,000 animal-days. In adult dairy cattle, the cumulative AMU across both seasons and provinces was 15.23 kg, 6.36 mg/PCU, and 26.34 DDDA/1,000 animal-days, whereas in calves the figures were 1.22 kg, 8.58 mg/PCU, and 36.71 DDDA/1,000 animal-days. Treatment incidences were 23.9% lower in adult dairy cattle and 65% lower in calves in winter than in summer. In adult dairy cattle, 17.35% of antimicrobials used were highest priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIAs). Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for countrywide AMU monitoring and regulations on HPCIAs in food animals.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsDairyingAnimalsCattleCross-Sectional StudiesFemalePakistanSeasonsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsAdult dairy cattleAntimicrobial useCalvesCritically important antimicrobialsPakistan

Identifiers

PMID41036373
PMCPMC12483417

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