ArticleCureus2025
Thromboprophylaxis and Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism in Critically Ill Children: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and objective Critically ill children in pediatric ICUs (PICUs) are at an elevated risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to factors such as central venous catheterization, immobility, and underlying conditions. While thromboprophylaxis is well-established in adult critical care, its use in pediatric populations, particularly in resource-limited settings like Nigeria, remains under-researched and inconsistently applied. This study aimed to evaluate the use, effectiveness, and clinical outcomes of thromboprophylaxis in critically ill pediatric patients and to identify independent predictors of thromboembolic events. Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at Abia State Children's Specialist Hospital, Umuahia, Nigeria, from June 2023 to May 2025. A total of 180 critically ill children aged one month to 18 years were enrolled, comprising 60 cases with imaging-confirmed VTE and 120 age- and sex-matched controls without VTE. Data were collected using a structured case report form from medical records, laboratory and radiological reports, and direct clinical observation. Variables assessed included thromboprophylaxis type (mechanical or pharmacologic), laboratory parameters, and clinical outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of VTE. Results Key risk factors for VTE included the presence of central venous catheters (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.84; p = 0.005), immobility for more than 48 hours (AOR = 2.76; p = 0.005), and BMI above the 95th percentile (AOR = 2.91; p = 0.035). Lack of thromboprophylaxis significantly increased the risk of VTE (AOR = 3.64; p<0.001). Both pharmacologic (p = 0.006) and combined pharmacologic-mechanical (p = 0.011) prophylaxis were associated with significantly reduced odds of VTE compared to no prophylaxis. Children with VTE had longer ICU stays (p<0.001), higher mortality rates (p = 0.010), and were more likely to present with abnormal coagulation profiles and elevated D-dimer levels. Conclusions Thromboprophylaxis, particularly pharmacologic or combined approaches, appears to be effective in reducing VTE among critically ill pediatric patients. However, its utilization remains suboptimal. The implementation of risk-based prophylaxis protocols and early screening strategies is essential to improving outcomes in pediatric critical care, especially in resource-limited settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.