Glomangioma of the Renal Artery: A Rare Case of a Glomus Tumor.

Glomus tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplasms originating from the glomus bodies of the skin. When found in the kidney, these tumors are uncommon, with very few documented cases in the medical literature. Our comprehensive review identified only a very limited number of reported primary renal glomus tumors. Although the majority of these tumors are benign, two cases have been reported as malignant and one as having indeterminate malignant potential. We describe a rare case: a 69-year-old male patient with a history of transitional cell bladder cancer and possible local recurrence in the anatomical region of the proximal left renal artery, identified as a new finding during scheduled follow-up examinations. The same evaluation also revealed an asymptomatic left hydronephrosis with impaired renal parenchymal function, attributed to previous therapeutic interventions. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of glomangioma, a type of glomus tumor. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the 23rd documented case of a primary benign renal glomus tumor, and based on the existing literature, there are no other case reports describing this tumor arising from the renal artery. Given that primary renal glomus tumors are rare and can mimic other mesenchymal kidney neoplasms on imaging, thorough evaluation of any kidney tumor is crucial. This should include detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical studies, as accurate diagnosis is vital for patient management, since these tumors typically follow a benign course after surgical removal.