ReviewSmart molecules : open access2025
Microneedle delivery systems for vaccines and immunotherapy.
Review in Smart molecules : open access, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Next-generation microneedle patches for transdermal therapeutics and diagnostics.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Review
- Zero-trigger ultrafast charge-transfer J-aggregatesChemical science · 2026Article
- Microneedle-Assisted Delivery of Biologics: From Large Molecules to Cancer Vaccines.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Microneedle Technologies for Drug Delivery: Innovations, Applications, and Commercial Challenges.Micromachines · 2026Review
- A photoactivatable tumor-targeting in situ nanovaccine for large-volume tumor therapy.Smart molecules : open access · 2025Article
- Microneedle delivery systems for vaccines and immunotherapy.Smart molecules : open access · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) offer a precise and minimally invasive platform for delivering vaccines and therapeutic agents directly into the skin, leveraging the abundance of tissue-resident immune cells to elicit robust and durable immune responses. Compared to traditional intramuscular or subcutaneous vaccination methods, MN-based vaccines demonstrate superior patient compliance, enhanced antigen stability, and heightened immunogenicity, positioning them as a promising tool in biomedical applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the materials and fabrication techniques used in MN preparation, explores their structural classifications, and examines the role of antigens and adjuvants in optimizing vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, the diverse applications of MN delivery systems in preventing infectious diseases, advancing tumor immunotherapy, and addressing other immune-related conditions are discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.