ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2025
Is the emergence of life and of agency expected?
Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Origins of life: the possible and the actual.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We present an integrated and testable theory for the spontaneous emergence of life up to the prokaryote with template replication and coding. Collectively autocatalytic small-molecule sets, DNA sets, RNA sets and peptide sets have been discovered or created. Reliable theory supports the claim that such systems can emerge as a first-order phase transition. Such sets constitute Kantian wholes: the whole exists for and by means of the parts. We propose that the earliest life began with small-molecule collectively autocatalytic sets as first-order Kantian wholes. These merged with two other first-order Kantian wholes-peptide and RNA autocatalytic sets-to form a third-order Kantian whole. The autocatalytic, small-molecule set coevolved to become the metabolism of the entire system. The peptide and RNA collectively autocatalytic sets ultimately coevolved to template replication, coding and the ribosome. The same peptide-RNA coevolution may have broken chiral symmetry. Collectively autocatalytic sets achieve
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