ArticleJournal of Korean Neurosurgical Society2025
Neuroprotective Effects of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Against Radiation-Induced Neural Damage : A Comparative In Vitro Study.
Article in Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveRadiotherapy is a key treatment for brain tumors and arteriovenous malformations; however, it is associated with adverse effects such as brain edema, demyelination, and delayed necrosis. These adverse effects are driven by inflammation and apoptosis, initiated by cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor, and interleukin-1β. Adipose tissuederived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADMSCs) offer protection against radiation-induced damage owing to their pluripotency and antiinflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of ADMSCs on irradiated brain cells.
methodsRat cortical neurons, human glioblastoma cells (U87 cell line), and ADMSCs were exposed to radiation doses ranging from 3 Gy to 40 Gy. Co-cultures of irradiated neurons with ADMSCs or their secretomes were assessed for apoptotic and inflammatory markers. Cell viability was measured using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Apoptosis was determined by using Hoechst staining and western blot analysis of proteins such as Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl-2.
resultsHigher radiation doses (30-40 Gy) significantly increased apoptosis and decreased the viability of cortical neurons and U87 cells. Co-culture with ADMSCs reduced the levels of apoptosis markers, particularly Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and promoted cell survival. Direct co-culture provided more pronounced protection than did ADMSC secretome treatment, suggesting that cell-to-cell interactions are crucial for neuroprotection.
conclusionADMSCs have a significant potential for mitigating radiation-induced brain damage by reducing apoptosis and inflammation. Direct ADMSC co-culture outperformed secretome treatment, thereby emphasizing the importance of physical cell interactions. ADMSC therapy may be a promising approach to protect against radiotherapy-induced neural damage. Further studies are required to optimize the delivery and timing of stem cell therapy.
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