ArticleACS biomaterials science & engineering2025
3D Osteocyte Networks under Pulsatile Unidirectional Fluid Flow Stimuli (PUFFS).
Article in ACS biomaterials science & engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanical Stimulation in Bone-on-Chip Platforms: A Systematic Review of Osteogenic Responses in Medical and Dental Applications.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Bone Multicellular Unit on a Chip (BMU-Chip) Subjected to Cyclic Mechanical Loading.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- Rethinking osteocyte modelsFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although osteocytes are known to play a key role in skeletal mechanoadaptation, few in vitro models have investigated how pulsatile mechanical stimuli influence the properties of three-dimensional (3D) osteocyte networks. Here, we design and develop a microfluidic-based in vitro model to study 3D osteocyte networks cultured under Pulsatile Unidirectional Fluid Flow Stimuli (PUFFS). Digital light projection stereolithography was used to design and fabricate a three-chambered polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip. Model osteocytes (murine MLO-Y4) were encapsulated in the collagen matrix within the chip to form self-assembled three-dimensional (3D) cell networks. Daily stimulus in the form of PUFFS was then applied for up to 21 days. A combination of experiments, computational simulation, and analytical modeling was used to characterize the mechanical environment experienced by embedded cells during PUFFS. Viability, morphology, cell-connectivity, expression of key proteins, gene expression, and real-time calcium signaling within 3D osteocyte networks were characterized at select time points and compared to static conditions. Results show that PUFFS stimulation at 0.33 and 1.66 Hz can initiate mechanotransduction via calcium signals that are propagated across the network of collagen-encapsulated osteocytes via the Cx43 junctions. Furthermore, osteocytes cultured in these devices maintain expression of several key osteocyte genes for up to 21 days. Taken together, this model can potentially serve as a testbed to study how 3D osteocyte networks respond to dynamic mechanical stimulation relevant to skeletal tissues.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.