Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41035075›Full record

ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2025

Exploring the experiences and rehabilitation needs of patients with coronary artery diseases: an effort to design a contextual home-based cardiac rehabilitation through a qualitative enquiry.

Adnan Yaqoob, Laila Ladak, Aamir Hameed Khan, Asif Hanif, Wajeeha Sahar, Furqan Yaqub Pannu, Rubina Barolia

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Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Adnan YaqoobAga Khan University School of Nursing and Midwifery, Karachi, Pakistan. adnan.yaqoob@scholar.aku.edu.
Laila LadakAga Khan University School of Nursing and Midwifery, Karachi, Pakistan.
Aamir Hameed KhanZiauddin Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Asif HanifSakarya University Turkiye, Adapazarı, Turkey.
Wajeeha SaharLahore University of Biological Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Furqan Yaqub PannuMayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Rubina BaroliaAga Khan University School of Nursing and Midwifery, Karachi, Pakistan.

Funding

This research was funded by the NIHR (NIHR203248) using UK international development funding from the UK Government to support global health research. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the UK government. NIHR203248
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a major global public health concern, accounting for a considerable portion of the burden of morbidity and mortality. The CAD in Pakistan imposes a substantial economic and social burden on individuals, families, and the healthcare system. Despite advances in medical interventions and therapies, comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programs in Pakistan remain underdeveloped and inaccessible to many patients, particularly those residing in rural or underserved areas.

aimThis study aims to explore the experiences and rehabilitation needs of Pakistani patients with heart disease in helping to design contextual home-based cardiac rehabilitation.

methodsBased on the data saturation, 20 individuals were interviewed using a qualitative descriptive exploratory approach. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews that lasted 40 to 50 min were used to gather the data. Thematic analysis was performed using an inductive coding approach.

resultsFive major themes with 24 subthemes emerged from the data: (1) Understanding of Heart Disease which revealed limited awareness and prevalent misconceptions; (2) Cardiac Anxiety which showed emotional distress, fear of recurrence, and financial concerns; (3) Challenges Faced by Patients which included difficulties with follow-up, family resistance to physical activity, dietary modifications, medication adherence, and gendered recovery experiences; (4) Difficulties for Behaviour Change which showed ongoing unhealthy habits and skepticism toward lifestyle modification; and (5) Patient Readiness for Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation which reflected openness to behavior change, preference for telephonic guidance, and the need for culturally tailored support and family involvement.

conclusionThe study highlights significant gaps in awareness, emotional and behavioral challenges, and sociocultural barriers influencing recovery after myocardial infarction. Participants expressed readiness for a flexible, family-inclusive, and home-based cardiac rehabilitation model. These insights provide essential direction for developing a culturally sensitive and contextually appropriate cardiac rehabilitation program in Pakistan.

Indexed as

Cardiac patients' needsCardiac rehabilitation needsChallenges faced by CAD patientsHome-based cardiac rehabilitationPatients’ understanding of CAD

Identifiers

PMID41035075
PMCPMC12490152

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.