ArticleContraception and reproductive medicine2025
Piloting measures of provider-imposed contraceptive coercion among reproductive-aged contraceptive users in Kisumu, Kenya: a cross-sectional, population-based study.
Article in Contraception and reproductive medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Postpartum Intrauterine Device Removal and Access to Removal in the 18 Months Following an Intervention in Tanzania, Sri Lanka, and Nepal.Studies in family planning · 2026Trial
- Assessing the association between a postpartum intrauterine device intervention and perceived pressure to adopt contraception in Sri Lanka.Contraception · 2026Trial
- Barriers to contraceptive implant removal among current and prior implant users in Kisumu, Kenya: Results from a cross-sectional population-based survey.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionLittle research has focused on measuring free contraceptive choice, or whether individuals can make decisions about contraception without barriers or coercion. To advance measurement, we pilot survey questions focused on experiences of provider-imposed contraceptive coercion using population-based data collected among contraceptive users in Kisumu, Kenya.
methodsWe describe the percentage of women who reported provider-imposed coercion-related outcomes. We then examine demographic and facility-level correlates of feeling pressured or unable to say no to contraception and compare the extent that measures of feeling pressured and unable to say no to contraception overlap using 2 × 2 tables and Cohen's Kappa Statistic.
resultsThe percentage of participants who reported provider-imposed coercion ranged by question from 1% to 57%. There were no associations between demographic or facility characteristics, including age, marital status, parity, and facility type (public or private), and either reporting feeling pressured or reporting feeling unable to say no to using contraception. There was no agreement between measures of feeling pressured and unable to say no to contraception (Kappa statistic - 0.11).
conclusionsOur findings suggest that many women in Kisumu report experiencing some form of provider-imposed contraceptive coercion, though the proportion who report such experiences varies based on survey question. Further research is needed to improve reliable measurement of free contraceptive choice.
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