ArticleBMC health services research2025
A sex- and gender-based analysis plus of frequent healthcare utilization among individuals living with chronic pain: a cohort study.
Article in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- [Definition of polyconsultant patients in primary health care using Data Science].Atencion primaria · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic pain (CP) affects up to 1 in 4 individuals and disproportionately impacts women, gender minorities, and other equity-deserving groups, highlighting the need for an equity-oriented approach to provide optimal care. The relationship between sex, gender, and frequent healthcare utilization remains underexplored among individuals living with CP. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the associations between sex, gender and frequent medical care utilization among persons living with CP.
methodsThe COPE Cohort, composed of persons living with CP, was formed by linking a web-based questionnaire with health administrative databases. Frequent medical care users were defined as the top 10% of our sample with the highest number of all-cause medical visits in the year following the completion of the questionnaire (including outpatient and emergency department visits). Sex (male / female), gender identity (men / women / gender-diverse), and gender-stereotyped personality traits (masculine / feminine / androgynous / undifferentiated; Bem Sex-Role Inventory) were analyzed. Cluster analysis was used to create intersecting sociodemographic subgroups (incorporating sex, gender, region of residence, country of birth, education level, employment status, and age).
resultsAmong 895 participants, 95 were classified as frequent medical care users (10% cut-off: ≥13 visits/year). The proportion of frequent users varied across sex (male: 3.9% vs. female: 12.0%, p = 0.003) and gender identity (men: 4.0% vs. women: 12.1% vs. gender-diverse: 0%, p = 0.009), but not by gender-stereotyped personality traits subgroups. Multivariable logistic regression showed that the subgroup labelled ‘unemployed more educated women’ (compared to ‘men’) had increased odds of being frequent medical care users (OR: 3.93, 95%CI: 1.44–10.80).
conclusionBased on our results, we emphasize the need for clinicians and decision-makers to adopt an integrated approach that considers not only clinical, but importantly, socioeconomic profiles for effective healthcare.
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