Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41034212›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Twisted bilayer Ice as a new class of hydrogen-bonding moiré materials.

Liya Wang, Jian Jiang, Siyi Liu, Shuying Lin, Jiajie Yan, YinBo Zhu, Jun Xia, Ruijie Wang, Chengyuan Wang, Chun Tang and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Liya WangFaculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Jian JiangDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hongkong, Kowloon, Hongkong, China. jjiang55@cityu.edu.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0579-5194
Siyi LiuFaculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Shuying LinFaculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Jiajie YanFaculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
YinBo ZhuCAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Jun XiaFaculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Ruijie WangFaculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Chengyuan WangFaculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Chun TangFaculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China. tangchun@ujs.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7767-2126
Xiao Cheng ZengDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hongkong, Kowloon, Hongkong, China. xzeng26@cityu.edu.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-8585

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Twisted bilayer van der Waals materials have become a transformative framework for the design of quantum and electronic devices, yet their counterparts, the twisted bilayer non-van der Waals materials, remain largely unexplored. Here, we report the first molecular-dynamics simulation evidence of the spontaneous formation of twisted bilayer ice with moiré patterns. Unlike the twisted bilayer van der Waals materials which can be produced by manually twisting one monolayer relative to another, twisted-bilayer-ice formation hinges on the structural adaptability of hydrogen bonds to achieve thermodynamic stability. First-principles molecular-dynamics simulations confirm the thermal stability of the twisted bilayer ice with two different moiré patterns, one with commensurate twist angle of 21.8° and another 27.8°. A phase diagram illustrates the stability region of twisted bilayer ice, providing guidance for future experimental validation. This work not only expands the family of two-dimensional ices but also advances the notion of twisted bilayer hydrogen-bonding materials, thereby offering opportunities to investigate emergent properties and potential applications of twisted bilayer non-van der Waals materials.

Identifiers

PMID41034212
PMCPMC12488976

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.