Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41034205›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Long-persisting SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4

Guihai Liu, Elie Antoun, Anastasia Fries, Xuan Yao, Zixi Yin, Danning Dong, Wenbo Wang, Peter A C Wing, Wanwisa Dejnirattisa, Piyada Supasa and 17 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Serial vaccination expands and refines human CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. COVID-19, the disease that changed the world.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Guihai Liu *Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-3684-4870
Elie Antoun *Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-1564
Anastasia FriesCentre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1609-5991
Xuan YaoChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Zixi YinChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Danning DongChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Wenbo WangChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Peter A C WingChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-3281
Wanwisa DejnirattisaChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Piyada SupasaChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Chang LiuChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-8169-4572
Timothy RostronSequencing Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Craig WaughFlow Cytometry Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Kevin ClarkFlow Cytometry Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Paul SoppFlow Cytometry Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jeremy W FryProImmune Limited, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3689-6606
Iolanda VendrellChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jane A McKeatingChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7229-5886
Juthathip MongkolsapayaChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Gavin R ScreatonChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3549-4309
Benedikt M KesslerChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8160-2446
Roman FisherChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9715-5951
Graham OggChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3097-045X
Alexander J MentzerChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4502-2209
Julian C KnightChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-5536
Yanchun PengChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-0499
Tao DongChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. tao.dong@ndm.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3545-3758

Funding

RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC) MR/Y015347/1Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recent COVID-19 pandemic left behind the lingering question as whether new variants of concern might cause further waves of infection. Thus, it is important to investigate the long-term protection gained via vaccination or exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here we compare the evolution of memory T-cell responses following primary infection with subsequent antigen exposures. Single-cell TCR analysis of three dominant SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4

Indexed as

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAdultEpitopes, T-LymphocyteFemaleHumansImmunologic MemoryMaleMemory T CellsReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaSingle-Cell AnalysisEpitopes, T-LymphocyteReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID41034205
PMCPMC12489100

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.