ArticleJournal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases2025
Retreatment TB is a risk factor for multidrug-resistant TB among people with HIV in rural eastern Uganda: A nested case-control study.
Article in Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Risk factors for cryptococcal infection among people with HIV receiving care at a referral hospital in Uganda: a nested case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
Rationale: People with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) have an increased risk of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) compared to those without HIV. Objective: To investigate the risk factors for MDR-TB among PWH in rural eastern Uganda. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study at Soroti Regional Referral Hospital in rural eastern Uganda. TB records from January 2017 to May 2024 were retrospectively reviewed to identify all PWH. MDR-TB was defined as resistance to at least both Isoniazid and Rifampicin following GeneXpert Results: We included 37 cases and 111 controls, and found retreatment TB was associated with being a case rather than a control (aOR 6.97; 95% CI 2.65-19.46). Male sex (aOR: 1.59; 95% CI: 0.67-3.93), clinically diagnosed pulmonary TB (aOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.10-1.23) or extrapulmonary TB (aOR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.05-1.62), and recent anti-retroviral therapy initiation (aOR: 2.07; 95% CI: 0.83-5.28) were insignificantly associated with being a case. Conclusion: This study showed that retreatment TB is associated with a higher likelihood of MDR-TB among PWH in a referral hospital in rural eastern Uganda. These findings underscore the need for intensified drug resistance surveillance and adherence support among PWH with prior TB treatment.
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