ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Phytochemical combinations of lichen
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Temozolomide (TMZ) and Paclitaxel (PXT), crucial anti-cancer drugs for glioblastoma (GBM) and primary breast cancer (BC), respectively, face drug resistance. Therefore, we investigated the adjuvant potential of characterized extracts of the lichens Methods: TMZ-resistant U-87 cells, MCF7 BC-cells, and normal human skin fibroblasts (HSKF) were treated with hexane (Hex), dichloromethane (DCM), and acetonitrile (ACN) extracts of Epr (EprDCM, EprACN), Car (CarHex, CarACN), and with EA and UA to measure cell metabolic activity. Molecular mechanisms were predicted using ChemGPS-NP and validated by Western blot, RNA sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, and Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) protein expression. Combinatory effects were calculated by Combination Index (CI) and Zero Interaction Potency methods (ZIP). Results: Extracts and selected metabolites reduced concentration-dependent cellular metabolic activity in U-87 and MCF7 cells. EprACN and EA (U-87 cells: IC Discussion: The combination EA-TMZ interacts with the Wnt pathway regulation associated with sensitizing U-87 cells, without increasing GEs of pro-inflammatory cytokines. EA deserves further investigation as an adjuvant.
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