ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2025
Risk of Post-COVID-19 Conditions Among Adolescents and Adults Who Received Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Acute COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Post-COVID-19 Conditions (PCC) potentially affect millions of people, but it is unclear whether treating acute COVID-19 with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir may reduce the risk of PCC. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using real-world, closed claims data to assess the relationship between nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and PCC by age group (12-17, 18-49, 50-64, ≥65 years). Eligible patients had a COVID-19 index date (positive laboratory test, ICD-10 diagnosis code, or nirmatrelvir-ritonavir prescription) from 1 April to 31 August 2022, in the outpatient, telehealth, or emergency department setting, and had a higher risk of severe COVID-19 based on age (≥50 years) or underlying risk factors. Treated patients (ie, received a nirmatrelvir-ritonavir prescription within ±5 days of index date) were matched 1:2 on age, sex, month of index date, and HHS region with untreated patients. PCC was defined by the presence of ≥1 of 45 new-onset symptoms or conditions recorded ≥60 days after index date. Results: Of the treated patients, 291 433 were matched to 582 866 untreated patients. Treatment with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir reduced PCC risk in adults 50-64 years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92-0.95) and ≥65 years (aHR 0.88, 95% CI 0.87-0.90). Treatment had minimal effect among high-risk adults 18-49 years (aHR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99) and no effect among high-risk adolescents 12-17 years (aHR 1.06, 95% CI 0.66-1.13). Conclusions: Results using real-world data suggest a protective relationship between nirmatrelvir-ritonavir during acute illness and PCC risk among older adults, but not among adolescents. Consideration may be given to outpatient treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir to reduce the risk of severe disease and PCC.
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