ReviewSmall methods2026
Optoelectronic Interfaces for Nongenetic Modulation of Excitable Tissues.
Review in Small methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Next-Generation Bioelectronic Neural Interfaces: From Material Design to Closed-Loop Systems.Small methods · 2026Article
- Optoelectronic Interfaces for Nongenetic Modulation of Excitable Tissues.Small methods · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Precise modulation of excitable tissues-including neurons and cardiomyocytes-is essential for both understanding physiological functions and developing advanced therapies for neurological and cardiac disorders. Conventional modulation techniques such as electrical stimulation, pharmacological intervention, and optogenetics, face limitations in terms of invasiveness, spatiotemporal resolution, and/or requirement for genetic modulation. Optoelectronic interfaces based on light-matter interaction have emerged as promising alternatives. These platforms offer wireless, nongenetic modulation capabilities with high spatiotemporal resolution and minimal invasiveness and risks of infection. Here, a summary of recent advances in nongenetic optoelectronic modulation strategies is presented. Aspects such as material selection and processing, device designs, working principles, and fabrication techniques are discussed. Then, key characterization methodologies, including benchtop assessments and validation within the living systems are discussed. Alongside the discussion, representative applications across in vitro and in vivo models of cardiac and central/peripheral nervous systems are highlighted. Finally, future directions and clinical opportunities, aiming to provide a thorough reference for the continued development of this field for both fundamental research and next-generation therapeutic applications are explored.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.