Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41029849›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2025

The impact of digital channels on public health services to enhance city resilience during the public health emergency response in Thailand (2020-2023).

Watcharaporn Chutarong, Roongaroon Thammalikhit, Anurak Sawangwong, Yuqian Guo, Muhammad Fawad, Supaporn Lonapalawong, Weiwen Zhang

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Watcharaporn ChutarongDepartment of Urban Development and Management, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. cailan@zju.edu.cn.
Roongaroon ThammalikhitThe Division of Preventive Medicine, Directorate of Medical Services, Royal Thai Air Force, Bangkok, Thailand.
Anurak SawangwongIndustrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
Yuqian GuoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Muhammad FawadUnit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Supaporn LonapalawongSchool of Mathematics and Computer Science, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Weiwen ZhangDepartment of Urban Development and Management, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study examines the impact of digital channels on public health services and their role in enhancing city resilience.

methodsConducted in Thailand, this study employed an online questionnaire distributed in both Thai and English from December 2023 to February 2024. A total of 824 valid responses from Thai nationals and foreigners were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed using IBM SPSS 23 and AMOS 23.

resultsDigital channels have a strong positive direct effect on public health services (β = 0.70, p < 0.001), public health services have a strong positive direct effect on resilient cities (β = 0.69, p < 0.001), and digital channels have a low positive direct and a moderate positive indirect effect on resilient cities (β = 0.19, p < 0.001, and β = 0.48, p < 0.001, respectively). The model demonstrated excellent fit with the empirical data: X

conclusionsDigital channels are critical tools for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating public health service data. They improve public health services across five dimensions-product, facility, service, process, and price-while also strengthening city resilience in disaster management, economic stability, quality of life, and institutional capacity.

Indexed as

Public HealthAdultCitiesFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesThailandCity resilienceDigital channelInfectious disease controlPublic health emergencyPublic health policyPublic health service

Identifiers

PMID41029849
PMCPMC12482637

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.