Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41029837›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's research & therapy2025

Gut microbiota characterization in ageing, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease in the context of mediterranean lifestyle in a Spanish population.

Cristian Cabrera, Nerea Carrión, David Mateo, Paloma Vicens, Andrés Pinzón, Luis Heredia, Eva Forcadell-Ferreres, Maria Pino, Beatriz Yerga, Josep Zaragoza and 8 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Cristian CabreraLaboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LSTM), Center for Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TECNATOX), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, 43201, Spain.
Nerea CarriónLaboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LSTM), Center for Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TECNATOX), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, 43201, Spain.
David MateoLaboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LSTM), Center for Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TECNATOX), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, 43201, Spain.
Paloma VicensLaboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LSTM), Center for Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TECNATOX), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, 43201, Spain.
Andrés PinzónBioinformatics and Systems Biology Research Group, Genetic Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, 111321, Colombia.
Luis HerediaLaboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LSTM), Center for Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TECNATOX), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, 43201, Spain.
Eva Forcadell-FerreresNeurology, Hospital Verge de la Cinta de Tortosa, Tortosa, 43500, Spain.
Maria PinoCognitive Impairment Unit, University Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, 43204, Spain.
Beatriz YergaCognitive Impairment Unit, University Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, 43204, Spain.
Josep ZaragozaNeurology, Hospital Verge de la Cinta de Tortosa, Tortosa, 43500, Spain.
Mikel Vicente-PascualNeurology, Xarxa Santa Tecla, Tarragona, 43003, Spain.
Alfons MoralNeurology, Xarxa Santa Tecla, Tarragona, 43003, Spain.
Trini ArcoGeriatrics Service, Pius Hospital de Valls, Valls, 43800, Spain.
Margarita ArjóGeriatrics Service, Psychogeriatric Day Hospital, Pius Hospital de Valls, Valls, 43800, Spain.
Esther MartínezOutpatient Geriatric Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu de Tortosa, Tortosa, 43590, Spain.
Sònia GalvezNeurodegenerative Diseases Day Hospital, Hospital de la Santa Creu de Tortosa, Tortosa, 43590, Spain.
Maria José LozanoIntermediate Care Area, Neurodegenerative Diseases Day Hospital, University Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, 43204, Spain.
Margarita TorrenteLaboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LSTM), Center for Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TECNATOX), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, 43201, Spain. margarita.torrente@urv.cat.

Funding

Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2019-103888RB-I00Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2019-103888RB-I00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder often preceded by a prodromal stage of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Previous research suggests that gut microbiota (GMB) dysbiosis may contribute to cognitive decline via the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). Notably, GMB composition patterns can vary across populations and stages of dementia. This study aimed to characterize the GMB in a cohort of older adults from Tarragona (Spain) diagnosed with AD or MCI, or presenting a healthy cognitive status (HC), all of whom follow a Mediterranean lifestyle (ML).

methodsThe present cross-sectional, multicenter case–control study analyzed fecal samples from 99 individuals,including 31 with AD, 30 with MCI, and 38 HC,aged 60–85 years, recruited from seven hospitals and specialized cognitive centers in the province of Tarragona, Spain. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was conducted with taxonomic profiling using Kraken2. APOE genotyping was performed from fecal DNA using TaqMan assays. Richness, alpha and beta diversity, differential abundance, multivariate linear modeling, and Jonckheere–Terpstra trend tests were conducted to identify GMB species signatures associated with MCI and AD.

resultsRichness, alpha and beta diversity did not differ across groups. Differential abundance analysis identified 109 taxa, of which ten microbial species were shared across comparisons. Notably, several species, including Coprococcus comes and Odoribacter splanchnicus, emerged as replicable candidates, showing both discriminatory value and severity-related declines, alongside taxa with context-dependent or adverse associations.

conclusionsOverall GMB diversity did not differ across cognitive groups, but specific taxa, particularly short-chain fatty acid producers, showed consistent associations with cognitive decline in this ML cohort. These findings support a role for the GMB in AD pathology and suggest that targeting key microbial species may provide novel avenues for prevention and intervention.

Indexed as

AgingAlzheimer DiseaseCognitive DysfunctionDiet, MediterraneanGastrointestinal MicrobiomeAgedAged, 80 and overCase-Control StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFecesFemaleHumansLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedSpainAgingAlzheimer’s diseaseDementiaDysbiosisGut microbiotaMediterranean dietMild cognitive impairment

Identifiers

PMID41029837
PMCPMC12482474

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.