ArticleBMC public health2025
Associations between alcohol control law enforcement and online purchasing on regular alcohol consumption among Thai men: a nationwide cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Access to alcohol and tobacco retail outlets and its associated factors among residents of Bangkok, Thailand.BMC public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlcohol consumption is a major public health concern, accounting for 5.1% of the global disease burden. Regular drinking, especially in large quantities can elevate the risk of developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD), resulting in negative social, occupational or health outcomes. Cultural norms surrounding masculinity, common in many countries, often shape drinking behaviours among men. Despite various alcohol control measures, factors such as enforcement and digital technology can inadvertently increase consumption. This study aimed to examine the associations between alcohol control measures, enforcement practices, digital technology use and regular alcohol consumption among Thai men.
methodsThis cross-sectional study analysed data from the 2021 National Statistical Office Survey, examining Thai men aged 15 years and older across all 77 provinces. The study included 102,886 participants selected through stratified random sampling to ensure representativeness. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) were employed to assess the association between alcohol control measures, enforcement, digital technology factors and regular alcohol consumption while controlling covariate socioeconomic factors and clustering effects across provinces. p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
resultsAmong 102,886 Thai men with a mean age of 40.45 years, approximately half (49.56%) regularly consumed alcohol. Significant associated factors included: age ≤ 18 years (AOR: 11.58, 95% CI: 10.49-12.78), single marital status (AOR: 4.95, 95% CI: 4.70-5.21), monthly income ≥ 15,000 baht (AOR: 7.48, 95% CI: 7.14-7.83), regular tobacco use (AOR: 3.02, 95% CI: 2.88-3.16), illicit alcohol consumption (AOR: 7.89, 95% CI: 6.99-8.92), smuggled liquor use (AOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.40-1.96), presence of alcohol-related health problems (AOR: 3.16, 95% CI: 3.01-3.33), exposure to alcohol advertising/festivals (AOR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.26-1.51), social media exposure (AOR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.15-1.37), online alcohol purchases (AOR: 4.03, 95% CI: 3.86-4.21), and elevated BMI (> 25 kg/m²) (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.76-1.96).
conclusionThis study identified the important roles of alcohol control law enforcement and on-line alcohol access on regular alcohol consumption among Thai men with multiple significant socioeconomic factors. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions focused on law enforcement, and digital health literacy especially among vulnerable populations, to reduce alcohol consumption.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.