ArticleBMC public health2025
Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among survivors of road traffic accidents in Kathmandu valley.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundRoad traffic accidents are a major public health concern globally and in Nepal, leading not only to significant physical injuries but also to psychological consequences such as post-traumatic stress disorder. Despite the high incidence of road traffic accidents in Kathmandu Valley, there is limited research on the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and its associated factors among survivors in this setting. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and identify its associated factors among road traffic accident survivors in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.
methodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 183 road traffic accident survivors attending two hospitals and selected physiotherapy centers in Kathmandu Valley from September to November 2021. Participants were at least one month post-accident and were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire, which included the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. A score of 33 or higher indicated probable PTSD. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder, with adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals reported.
resultsAmong the 183 participants, 26.8% met the criteria for probable PTSD. Higher odds of PTSD were observed among survivors aged 53 years and above, females, and those involved in truck-related accidents. Lower educational attainment was also associated with increased risk. Most participants were male (76.5%), with most accidents involving bikes/scooters (85.8%). Multivariate analysis showed that participants aged 53 years and above (AOR: 3.78; 95% CI: 1.00-14.17) and those involved in truck-related accidents (AOR: 7.61; 95% CI: 1.12-51.38) had significantly higher odds of developing PTSD symptoms. .
conclusionsThe prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among road traffic accident survivors in Kathmandu Valley is substantial. Older age, female gender, and involvement in truck-related accidents are significant risk factors. These findings highlight the need to integrate routine mental health screening and targeted interventions into trauma care services for road traffic accident survivors, particularly for vulnerable groups. Further longitudinal research is recommended to understand the progression of post-traumatic stress disorder better and inform effective intervention strategies in Nepal.
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