Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41029064›Full record

ArticleMedicine2025

Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine combined with immunomodulators in treating erosive oral lichen planus: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Yue Li, Xiaowei Guo, Linlin Deng, Chunzhi Chen, Fengyi Lv, Juan Gao, Xiangyu Zou, Lin Zhang

Abstract readNetwork Meta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Article in Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yue LiDepartment of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
Xiaowei GuoDepartment of Stomatology, First Branch Hospital of First Affilliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Linlin DengDepartment of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
Chunzhi ChenDepartment of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
Fengyi LvDepartment of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
Juan GaoDepartment of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
Xiangyu ZouDepartment of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
Lin ZhangDepartment of Stomatology, Daping Hospital Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of various Chinese herbal medicines combined with immunomodulators (IMM) in the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP) through a network meta-analysis.

methodsA total of 21 randomized controlled trials involving 1762 patients were included. Relevant randomized controlled trials were retrieved from 9 major electronic databases. All data were analyzed using a random-effects model. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was employed to rank the treatment regimens based on efficacy and clinical significance. To validate the robustness of the results, publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, and inconsistency tests were performed to compare direct and indirect effects. League tables were used to visualize comparative effects between treatments. Contribution plots were generated to evaluate the influence of individual treatments on the overall network effects. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 16.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station), and study quality was assessed with Review Manager 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, London, UK).

resultsThe combination of Kouyanqing granules and IMM (KYQ+IMM) demonstrated the highest efficacy in terms of response rate (SUCRA 82.7%) and pain relief (SUCRA 90.8%). Compound Danshen preparation combined with IMM (CDF+IMM) and Jiedu Yukou decoction combined with IMM (JDYK+IMM) ranked second and third, respectively. Total glucosides of peony showed the lowest recurrence risk (SUCRA 94.3%), while Kangfuxin solution combined with IMM (KFX+IMM) exhibited the most significant improvement in erosion area (SUCRA 86.4%). All treatment regimens were well-tolerated, with a low incidence of adverse events.

conclusionThis study demonstrates that integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine regimens exhibit superior efficacy in improving response rates, pain relief, recurrence rates, and erosion healing in EOLP, with favorable safety profiles. Notably, KYQ+IMM, CDF+IMM, and KFX+IMM stand out as optimal therapeutic strategies, providing robust evidence for optimizing EOLP treatment.

Indexed as

Drugs, Chinese HerbalImmunologic FactorsImmunomodulating AgentsLichen Planus, OralMedicine, Chinese TraditionalDrug Therapy, CombinationHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeDrugs, Chinese HerbalImmunologic FactorsImmunomodulating Agentscombination therapyimmunomodulatory drugsnetwork meta-analysisoral lichen planustraditional Chinese medicine

Identifiers

PMID41029064
PMCPMC13593277

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.