Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41028916›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Unveiling the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles from leaf extract of Selaginella bryopteris.

Khushbu Wadhwa, Neha Kapoor, Mohd Tariq, Hardeep Kaur

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026
    Article
  4. Gut microbes reports · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Khushbu WadhwaFungal Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
Neha KapoorChemical Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India. nehakapoor@hindu.du.ac.in.
Mohd TariqDepartment of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India. tariq.du14@gmail.com.
Hardeep KaurFungal Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India. hardeepkaur@ramjas.du.ac.in.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The emergence of highly drug-resistant fungal strains is the major concern in health care sector. There is an urgent need to develop novel and potent antifungal drugs with minimal side effects to encounter invasive fungal infections. In this study, we have green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using leaf extract of Selaginella bryopteris and checked their antifungal activity against different Candida spp. The optimization of parameters involved in the synthesis of AgNPs includes pH, temperature, concentration of silver nitrate, reaction time. The synthesis of NPs was investigated by the UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis. The physicochemical properties of AgNPs were further analysed by FESEM, TEM, DLS, zeta potential, FTIR and XRD studies. AgNPs were found to be spherical in shape with an average size of 35 nm and were monodispersed in nature without any agglomeration. The results of antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) and growth curve kinetics revealed that AgNPs displayed significant anticandidal activity with MIC and MFC values of 0.003 and 0.006 ng/mL respectively. Treatment of Candida spp. with AgNPs leads to damage in fungal cell wall, cell membrane along with disruption of mitochondrial enzyme activity and release of nuclear content. The green-synthesized AgNPs not only caused damage and destruction to the morphology of Candida but also affected the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway. The green-synthesized AgNPs were also found to exhibit antibiofilm activity against Candida spp. which was assessed by crystal violet assay and SEM analysis confirming biofilm reduction by 80-82% as compared to control.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsBiofilmsMetal NanoparticlesPlant ExtractsPlant LeavesSelaginellaceaeSilverCandidaGreen Chemistry TechnologyMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAntifungal AgentsPlant ExtractsSilverAntifungalBiofilmCandidaGreen-synthesisSelaginella bryopterisSilver nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID41028916
PMCPMC12484951

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.