ArticleNPJ science of food2025
Reassessing fatty acid divergence: climatic and geographic constraints on origin traceability in global oil crops.
Article in NPJ science of food, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Global agricultural trade requires reliable tools to trace product origins and combat fraud. We propose two novel metrics-the Geographical Differentiation Index (GDI) and Environmental Heritability Index (EHI)-to quantify spatial variation in fatty acids and their environmental drivers. We systematically investigated the fatty acid profiles of four main oil-rich crops (olive, camellia, walnut, and peony seed) and revealed that fatty acid distributions follow elevation- and latitude-dependent patterns, with peony seed oils showing the strongest latitudinal sensitivity. Key fatty acids like stearic acid (C18:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2) correlated significantly with geographic factors globally, while the biomass of certain specific fatty acids varies significantly in high-altitude/low-latitude regions. These findings establish specific fatty acid signatures as a robust tool for geographic authentication. Our approach provides a chemically grounded framework for precision origin discrimination in global oil food systems.
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