ReviewDrugs2025
Long-Term Toxicities of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.
Review in Drugs, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- First-Line Immunotherapy Versus Chemotherapy in MSI-H/dMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Phase III Studies.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Guillain-Barre syndrome in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: an individual participant data meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Long-term outcomes of eribulin‑based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple‑negative breast cancer patients stratified by homologous recombination deficiency status: results of the randomized JBCRG-22 study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Trial
- Research progress on the molecular mechanisms of PD-1 and LAG-3 synergy in regulating T cell exhaustion and immunotherapy.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Neurological Adverse Events Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Identified Through Disproportionality Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Plus Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for High-Risk Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Analyses of CREST, POTOMAC, and ALBAN.The Journal of urology · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Triple M overlap syndrome in the intensive care unit: differential diagnosis and management.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Precision Fc remodeling via glycosylation-competent CHO display enables ultra-selective FcγRIIIa targeting and enhanced antitumor activity.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Article
- Opportunity knocking: shared tumor-associated antigen vaccines against global cancer pandemic.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Emerging Targeted and Multimodal Therapeutic Strategies in Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Review
- Critical complications in cancer patients admitted to the ICU in the era of immunotherapy: recognition, differential diagnosis, and management.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) produce often durable responses in many cancer types but are associated with autoimmune-like toxicities. These immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occur in multiple organ systems and often improve with steroids or therapy cessation. However, many irAEs have either partial or no improvement, leading to residual sequelae even after ICI discontinuation. Chronic irAEs, often defined as irAEs lasting > 3 months, may occur in up to 40-50% of patients treated with ICI therapy and have a wide range of manifestations, severity, and duration. These chronic events likely stem from either ongoing inflammation or sequalae of prior inflammatory-mediated damage. IrAEs impacting the endocrine glands and joints have particularly high rates of chronicity, while chronic events impacting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, liver, and lungs are less common. In this review, we discuss updated studies surrounding chronic irAEs, providing an overview, followed by organ-specific considerations and consideration of future directions. Key challenges for the field include characterizing the chronic impact of irAEs, developing better treatment or prevention strategies (one possible solution being anti-cytokine therapy), and identifying which patients have active inflammation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.