Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41028646›Full record

ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026

Iterative Hepatic and Pulmonary Metastasectomy in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: Impact on Survival and Surgical Outcomes.

Luisa Schäfer, Philipp A Holzner, Magdalena Menzel, Gabriel J Stöger, Andreas Gengenbach, Hans C Hillebrecht, Francesca Reimer, Rebecca Kesselring, Uyen-Thao Le, Stefan Fichtner-Feigl and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Luisa Schäfer *Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Philipp A Holzner *Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Magdalena MenzelDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Gabriel J StögerDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Andreas GengenbachDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Hans C HillebrechtDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Francesca ReimerDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Rebecca KesselringDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Uyen-Thao LeDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Stefan Fichtner-FeiglDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Christopher BerlinDepartment of General and Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. christopher.berlin@uniklinik-freiburg.de.

Funding

IMMediate Advanced Clinician Scientist-Program, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, funded by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF, Federal Ministry of Education and Research)-01EO2103 (C.B.). 01EO2103
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundColorectal cancer frequently metastasizes to the liver and lungs. Despite curative-intent resections, recurrence rates are high. While initial hepatic and pulmonary metastasectomies have been well-studied, data are limited on outcomes following iterative resections for recurrent metastases in both locations.

methodsWe retrospectively assessed the long-term outcome (> 10 years) of 97 patients who underwent iterative hepatic and pulmonary resections for recurrent colorectal cancer metastases.

resultsPost initial hepatic metastasectomy survival rates showed no difference for synchronous and metachronous colorectal liver metastases. Multiple hepatic as well as pulmonary metastasectomies did ameliorate patient survival compared to single resections. Postoperative complications ≥ Clavien Dindo grade II after a second hepatic metastasectomy were associated with reduced overall survival, while complication profiles did not alter survival rates after pulmonal metastasectomies. Importantly, iterative liver and lung surgery did not increase subsequent postoperative complications, with median complication severity remaining at Clavien Dindo grade II-IIIa across successive resections.

conclusionsOur data suggest comparable benefits from hepatic metastasectomy regardless of metastatic sequence. Our findings demonstrate the safety and potential survival benefits of iterative hepatic and pulmonary resections for recurrent colorectal cancer metastases. These data support an aggressive surgical approach in selected patients with recurrent colorectal metastases.

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsHepatectomyLiver NeoplasmsLung NeoplasmsMetastasectomyNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalPneumonectomyPostoperative ComplicationsAdultAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingColorectal cancerComplicationLiver metastasisLung metastasisSurgery

Identifiers

PMID41028646
PMCPMC12689717

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.