ReviewNature reviews. Drug discovery2026
In vivo chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy.
Review in Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeted delivery of mRNA to immune cells forDrug delivery · 2026Review
- Remodeling memory T cells with chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors as host pre-conditioning to empower in vivo CAR-T therapy.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2026Review
- In vivo immune cell engineering from bench to clinical reality.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2026Review
- Evolution of CAR-T Therapy: Functional Engineering, Manufacturing Innovation, and Future In Vivo Strategies.Cancer science · 2026Review
- The advances and challenges of mRNA-LNP application in fields of hematology and oncology therapeutics.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Injectable bioinstructive microfoam for rapid bedside/in vivo programming of CAR-T cells.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Extended follow-up of in vivo BCMA CAR-T therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Engineering immune cell therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: from stem cells to CAR T cells.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Advancing In Vivo Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Engineering to Accelerate Clinical Translation.MedComm · 2026Review
- Recent advancements and persisting challenges in the evolution of next generation car t cell therapy for solid malignancies: a comprehensive review.Immunologic research · 2026Review
- Barriers and Blueprints: Next-Generation Engineering Strategies for CAR-T Cell Therapy in Gastrointestinal Tumors.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterization of CD8-targeted lentiviral vector forMolecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Rewiring immunity with in vivo CAR T cell engineering.Nature cancer · 2026Review
- New and emerging strategies for targeting cancers: Challenges and opportunities (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Nanomaterial Strategies for Pulmonary Delivery of Immunotherapeutics in Lung Cancer Treatment.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Review
- CAR-T cells and CAR-Treg cells for treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Review
- Adoptive cell therapy in lung cancer: progress, challenges, and prospects.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Could chimeric antigen receptor-T cell treatment of atherosclerosis in mice translate to a human therapy?Annals of translational medicine · 2026Article
- [CD19-targeted in vivo CAR-T cell therapy for high-risk/refractory B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report and literature review].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2026Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has transformed the outcomes of patients with haematological malignancies, yet its use is limited by labour-intensive manufacturing, constrained production capacity and variable clinical performance. In vivo CAR-T cell engineering, in which CAR-T cells are generated directly inside the patient's body, seeks to overcome these challenges by eliminating the need for ex vivo cell processing and complex logistics, as well as improve clinical performance. Recent advances in virology, RNA medicines and nanotechnology have catalysed a radical overhaul of this approach, which uses targeted delivery systems such as lentiviral vectors and lipid nanoparticles to introduce CAR-encoding genetic material into endogenous T cells. Early clinical studies have shown efficient transduction, sustained CAR expression and initial signs of antitumour activity, establishing proof of concept. This Review explores the underlying technologies - including RNA delivered by lipid nanoparticles and engineered viral vectors - and discusses how they are being adapted to develop more broadly applicable, scalable, safe and effective CAR-T cell therapies. By removing the need for ex vivo manipulation and chemotherapeutic conditioning, this strategy could enable the wider application of CAR-T cell therapies not just to blood cancers but to autoimmune diseases for which ex vivo CAR-T cell therapies have shown strong promise, such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41028170What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.