Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41028103›Full record

SynthesisScientific reports2025

Meta-analysis of biofertilizer effects of Bacillus species on tomato yield.

U V Ogugua, I P Ogbuewu, C A Mbajiorgu, P Adriaanse

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. ALife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

U V OguguaLaboratories and Horticulture Centre, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Florida, Pretoria, 1710, South Africa. eoguguuv@unisa.ac.za.
I P OgbuewuDepartment of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, Pretoria, 1710, South Africa.
C A MbajiorguDepartment of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, Pretoria, 1710, South Africa.
P AdriaanseLaboratories and Horticulture Centre, Science Campus, University of South Africa, Florida, Pretoria, 1710, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Beneficial bacteria, especially Bacillus species, are increasingly being utilized as biofertilizers to promote plant growth and development. However, the meta-analysis of Bacillus species that have a biofertilizing effect on tomato yield parameters is not well understood. The objective of the study is to use meta-analytical procedure to resolve uncertainty, identify knowledge gaps, and create new insights using the results of published studies on the biofertilizer effect of Bacillus spp. on yield characteristics of tomato A comprehensive search of Litmaps yielded 398 articles, of which 15 were used in the meta-analysis. All the analyses were carried out using OpenMEE software and a random-effects model was used. Standardised mean differences (SMD) between tomato yield with and without Bacillus biofertilizer were computed to determine the effect magnitude. The findings showed a significant effect of Bacillus spp. on fruit number (SMD = 1.914; 95% CI 1.432, 2.395; p < 0.001), fruit weight (SMD = 2.08; 95% CI 1.42, 2.73; p < 0.001), fruit length (SMD = 0.96; 95% CI 0.27, 1.64 p = 0.530) and fruit diameter (SMD = 1.39; 95% CI 0.29, 2.48; p = 0.025) with evidence of significant heterogeneity (I

Indexed as

BacillusFertilizersSolanum lycopersicumFruitFertilizersBio-effectorHarvestMeta-regressionSystematic reviewTomato

Identifiers

PMID41028103
PMCPMC12484722

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.