ArticleSarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG2025
Global disease burden of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, 1990-2021, and forecast analysis over the next decade.
Article in Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unveiling novel susceptibility genes for sarcoidosis by a cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2026Article
- Sex-specific trends in incidence and mortality of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis in China compared with global estimates, 1990-2023: an analysis of GBD 2023.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimInterstitial lung disease is a major class of disease that affect lung health, however, there is a lack of epidemiological studies related to the global burden of this disease. Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) were utilized to evaluate the global burden of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis comprehensively in 21 global regions, 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021, examining their association with the sociodemographic index, and forecasting trends for the forthcoming decade.
methodsUsing GBD 2021 data, we analyzed interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years. We calculated age-standardized rate trends (1990-2021) through generalized linear models and assessed disease burden inequalities using the sociodemographic index, slope index, and concentration index. Global maps and regional comparisons visualized burden distribution. Decomposition analysis quantified impacts of population growth, aging, and epidemiological changes. Future burden trends (next decade) were projected using Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort modeling. Results: From 1990 to 2021, the global burden of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis has been on the rise. Generally, Higher age-standardized rates of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis were observed in higher age groups and areas with a high socio-demographic index. Moreover, population growth and ageing are the main causes of the increased burden of disease. Projections indicate that by 2034, the number of cases, illnesses, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years associated with interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis will continue to rise, while age-standardized rates are expected to plateau.
conclusionsThe global disease burden of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis remains significant and deserves our attention. People aged 70-84 and high sociodemographic index group should be the focus of attention.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.