SynthesisJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025
The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and diabetes mellitus: an updated meta-analysis of 45 case-control studies.
Synthesis in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence and incidence of infections among people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Association between the cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein-glucose index and the incidence of new-onset diabetes in patients with chronic gastrointestinal diseases: A prospective cohort study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Molecular Insights intoCancers · 2026Review
- Association of TyG and TyG/HDL withFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is linked to various gastrointestinal and systemic diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). This study synthesizes evidence to determine the association between H. pylori infection and the risk of developing DM.
objectivesTo quantify the odds ratio (OR) of DM in individuals with H. pylori infection and explore variations across different subgroups.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Databases including Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Ovid, and CINHAL were searched for case-control studies from January 1990 to January 2025. Eligible studies investigated the association between H. pylori and DM. Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers, and study quality was assessed using the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Random-effects models were utilized to calculate pooled ORs, with heterogeneity assessed via I² statistic. Subgroup analyses included H. pylori detection methods, age groups, geographic regions, DM types, HbA1c levels, duration of DM, and study quality.
resultsFrom 280 records, 45 case-control studies were included, involving 529 million diabetes cases worldwide in 2021. The pooled OR was 1.547 (95% CI: 1.243-1.926), indicating that H. pylori infection increases the risk of DM by approximately 1.56 times. Heterogeneity was moderate (I² = 46.03%). Subgroup analyses showed stronger associations with non-invasive H. pylori detection methods (OR = 1.99), in the 40-60 age group (OR = 2.00), and for type 2 diabetes (OR = 2.25). Geographic variations were significant, with Asia showing the highest OR (2.17). No significant publication bias was detected, and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of our findings.
conclusionThis meta-analysis confirms a significant association between H. pylori infection and an increased risk of DM, particularly type 2. The findings underscore the potential benefits of considering H. pylori testing in diabetes management strategies, especially in high-risk populations. Further research should focus on longitudinal studies to establish causality and explore biological mechanisms. REGISTRATION: This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025637126).
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