Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41023921›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

Prevalence and trend of periodontal diseases in Iran from 1990 to 2017: a national study.

Shervan Shoaee, Mohammad-Hossein Heydari, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Masoud Masinaei, Negar Khorasani, Kiarash Parchami, Hossein Hessari, Mohammad-Hossein Khoshnevisan, Shayan Sobhaninejad

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Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shervan ShoaeeNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad-Hossein HeydariElderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mohmmadhossein.heydari@gmail.com.
Sahar Saeedi MoghaddamNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Masoud MasinaeiNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Negar KhorasaniDental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran.
Kiarash ParchamiNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hossein HessariResearch Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad-Hossein KhoshnevisanDental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran.
Shayan SobhaninejadNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. dr.sobhaninejad.sh@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND

aimsPeriodontal diseases are significant public health challenges, affecting millions globally. This study aimed to analyze the national and subnational trends of periodontal diseases in Iran from 1990 to 2017.

methodsA comprehensive analysis was conducted using data from national health surveys, the Behvarz Health Study, and published literature from 1990 to 2017. The Age-Spatial–Temporal (AST) Bayesian hierarchical model was employed to estimate the prevalence of bleeding on probing (BOP), shallow pocket (SP), and deep pocket (DP), adjusting for covariates such as age, sex, education, and socioeconomic factors.

resultsFrom 1990 to 2017, the age-standardized prevalence of BOP increased significantly by 73.77%, from 27.11% (95% UI: 22.86%-31.36%) to 47.11% (95% UI: 40.11%-54.12%). Similarly, SP prevalence rose by 70.01%, from 14.34% to 24.38%. Conversely, DP prevalence declined by 69.27%, from 8.98% to 2.76%. Geographic disparities were observed, with provinces such as Tehran and Sistan and Baluchistan experiencing contrasting burdens. Trends highlighted increasing BOP and SP prevalence among younger populations.

conclusionThe study underscores the growing burden of BOP and SP in Iran, reflecting inadequate preventive measures and healthcare disparities. The findings highlight an urgent need for policy reforms prioritizing preventive care, equal access to dental services, and targeted interventions addressing socioeconomic and geographic inequalities. More focus should be put on training mid-level or intermediary oral health providers.

Indexed as

Periodontal DiseasesAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansIranMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceBleeding on probingDeep pocketGingivitisIranPeriodontitisShallow pocketTrend

Identifiers

PMID41023921
PMCPMC12482892

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.