ArticleBMJ open2025
Validation of a Qigong quality of life questionnaire (3Q instrument) in patients with cancer: a study protocol.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
introductionCancer has impacted patients' quality of life (QoL). Qigong, a type of mind-body exercise, has been adopted by some patients with cancer to improve their QoL. However, various lengthy questionnaires were used to assess Qigong's effects which made data synthesis difficult. Therefore, a simplified Qigong QoL Questionnaire (3Q instrument) has been developed to assess cancer patients' QoL when they practise Qigong. This study aims to validate this instrument and contribute to the standardisation and simplification of the outcome measures for the studies on Qigong. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A total of 173 patients with cancer practising Qigong in Australia and China will be recruited to evaluate QoL using the 3Q instrument and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) questionnaire. SPSS Statistics V.29 software will be used for data analyses. Exploratory factor analysis will be conducted to identify the factor structures of the 3Q instrument. The internal consistency of the 3Q instrument will be evaluated by Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest reliabilities will be confirmed by intraclass correlations. Content validity will be assessed by the Spearman's correlation coefficient. Construct validity will be established through confirmatory factor analysis. Criterion validity will be assessed against FACT-G, and Spearman's correlation coefficient will be adopted to calculate their correlations. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study has been approved by the RMIT University Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC26229). The findings from the present study will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication and/or presented at conferences.
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