ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2025
Dairy Intake and Coronary Artery Calcification: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStudies on the association of dairy intake and coronary artery disease have been inconsistent. Little is known about the relationship between dairy consumption in young adulthood and coronary artery calcification (CAC), a marker of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.
objectivesThis prospective cohort study assessed the association of dairy intake and the presence of CAC.
methodsWe followed 3110 participants of the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study for 25 y after enrollment during 1985-1986 (ages 18-30 y). Dairy intake (averaged over the year 0 and 7 examinations) was derived from the CARDIA diet history. CAC assessment occurred at years 15, 20, and 25. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to investigate the association of CAC and total, whole-fat, and low-fat dairy as well as other dairy subgroups.
resultsA total of 904 participants were observed to have CAC during follow-up. After covariate adjustment, higher intake of whole-fat dairy was inversely associated with risk of CAC [hazard ratio for the highest compared with the lowest quartile: 0.76 (95% confidence interval: 0.61, 0.96)]. Further adjustment for body mass index, which was slightly lower in those who consumed more dairy, attenuated these results (P for trend across quartiles: 0.13). Associations with CAC of total and low-fat dairy, as well as individual dairy products and fermented dairy, were not statistically significant.
conclusionsAmong young adults in the CARDIA study, whole-fat dairy was inversely associated with the future presence of CAC. These results do not support dietary guidelines that emphasize low-fat dairy intake for the prevention of coronary artery disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.